An umbrella term, dementia is actually made up of a number of conditions, all of which affect the brain. Most of the conditions which are included under dementia – such as vascular dementia and Alzheimer's disease, for example – impact negatively on the ability to think. Cognitive function, the ability to remember and the ability to control emotions can all worsen over time. It is something that is often associated with old age - although it can affect younger people, too – and is sometimes known as senility when it is diagnosed in geriatrics. In the western world, only around three percent of the population suffers from the condition in the 65 to 74 age group. However, almost half of the people who are over 85 years old can expect to have it in some form or another.
Relationship advice is a term that covers both the informal guidance people give one another about their most intimate relationships as well as some professional services which are designed to help couples. In most cases, such advice is not laid down as a set of rules that people need to stick to in order to maintain a successful relationship but a 'road map' that allows people to navigate their own way from a bad situation to a better one. In some cases, relationship advice will take the form of marriage guidance counselling, but this is by no means the only form that couples – and other groups, for that matter – engage in it nowadays.
Also known as nursery education, early childhood education is the process of teaching younger children, usually through play and exploration, that prepares them for more formal school education at a later stage. It is a branch of educational theory that has been built on since the so-called Age of Enlightenment when European educators were looking at ways to improve literacy rates among the population. In modern times, early childhood education has tended to be standardised in the western world. Many of the professionals working in it require a higher level of education and registration under an official inspectorate that aims to maintain standards.
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